Oven Temperature Conversion: °F to °C, Fan Ovens and Gas Marks
Oven temperature conversion chart for Fahrenheit, Celsius, fan/convection and gas marks, plus old recipe terms like moderate oven explained.
By Ayoub Farid · · 2 min read
A recipe says 350 °F, your oven says Celsius, and you're not sure whether "fan" changes anything. Here's a clear conversion chart and what the old terms mean.
Conversion chart
| °F | °C (conventional) | °C (fan / convection) | Gas mark | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 250 | 120 | 100 | ½ | Very low |
| 275 | 140 | 120 | 1 | Very low |
| 300 | 150 | 130 | 2 | Low / slow |
| 325 | 160–170 | 140–150 | 3 | Moderately slow |
| 350 | 175–180 | 155–160 | 4 | Moderate |
| 375 | 190 | 170 | 5 | Moderately hot |
| 400 | 200 | 180 | 6 | Hot |
| 425 | 220 | 200 | 7 | Hot |
| 450 | 230 | 210 | 8 | Very hot |
| 475 | 245 | 225 | 9 | Very hot |
Fan / convection ovens
A fan circulates hot air, so food cooks faster and browns more. The common rule: reduce the temperature by about 20 °C (or 25 °F) from a conventional recipe, or keep the temperature and check earlier. Recipes written in Celsius in Europe often state "fan" separately.
The formula
- °C = (°F − 32) × 5 ÷ 9
- °F = °C × 9 ÷ 5 + 32
Most recipes round to the nearest 5 or 10 degrees.
Old recipe terms
Handwritten family recipes often say:
- Slow oven: about 150–160 °C / 300–325 °F
- Moderate oven: about 175–180 °C / 350 °F
- Hot oven: about 200–220 °C / 400–425 °F
- Very hot oven: 230 °C / 450 °F and above
See how to digitize family recipes.
Your oven may lie
Many ovens run hot or cold by 10–20 degrees. An inexpensive oven thermometer tells you the truth. If your cakes always brown too fast, your oven may run hot.
Air fryers
Air fryers behave like small, powerful fan ovens. See oven to air fryer conversion.
Convert in the recipe
In SmartChef AI, ask Cook AI to "convert this recipe to Celsius for a fan oven" and edit the step so the saved recipe matches your oven.
Baking temperatures by dish
| Dish | Typical conventional oven |
|---|---|
| Cookies | 175–190 °C / 350–375 °F |
| Cakes | 160–180 °C / 325–350 °F |
| Bread | 200–230 °C / 400–450 °F |
| Roast vegetables | 200–220 °C / 400–425 °F |
| Roast chicken | 190–220 °C / 375–425 °F |
| Slow roasts and braises | 140–160 °C / 275–325 °F |
Frequently asked questions
What is 350 °F in Celsius?
About 175–180 °C for a conventional oven, or about 160 °C for a fan oven.
Do I lower the temperature for a fan oven?
Usually by about 20 °C (25 °F), or keep it the same and check earlier.
What is gas mark 4?
About 180 °C / 350 °F.
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